nedoPC.org

Electronics hobbyists community established in 2002
Atom Feed | View unanswered posts | View active topics It is currently 28 Mar 2024 06:40



Reply to topic  [ 146 posts ]  Go to page Previous  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ... 10  Next
Плата центрального недопроцессора nedoCPU-32 
Author Message
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Stan wrote:
Shaos wrote:
Интересной особенностью параллельного мастер порта (сигналы PMxx) является то, что на него можно натравить DMA, которое может брать последовательность байтов из памяти и колбасить их в порт - это можно использовать для генерации видео...

На фотографиях это точечная графика через PIC32 или всё же псевдографический режим?
Если точечная графика, то какой размер растра?


По вышеприведённому линку всё написано: http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope

Точечная графика 256x200

Или мы по ангельски не разумеем?...

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos


28 Mar 2015 10:43
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Подменил фонт на свой, который юзался в NedoText и тоже 5x7:


Attachments:
File comment: Shaos font used
Photo0137.jpg
Photo0137.jpg [ 105.44 KiB | Viewed 9984 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
28 Mar 2015 13:21
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
А вот недофонт 8x8, использованный в Circuits.CC - теперь можно строить nedoPC-32 :idea:


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC font used
Photo0138.jpg
Photo0138.jpg [ 107.74 KiB | Viewed 9981 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
28 Mar 2015 14:38
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Вот ещё немного экспериментов с недофонтом (как видно на большом ТВ картинка вылазит за пределы экрана по горизонтали):


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC font used on big TV
Photo0140.jpg
Photo0140.jpg [ 38.59 KiB | Viewed 9978 times ]
File comment: nedoPC font used again
Photo0139.jpg
Photo0139.jpg [ 47.15 KiB | Viewed 9978 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
28 Mar 2015 17:15
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Пересчитал частоту на 64 МГц и сдвинул кадр чуть вправо, оставив колбасню DMA без изменений - всё влезло:


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC-31
Photo0141.jpg
Photo0141.jpg [ 29.62 KiB | Viewed 9978 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
28 Mar 2015 20:09
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Вот исходник под 64 МГц, из которого выкинуто всё лишнее, а также оптимизировано:
 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * SCK1 is pin 25
 * SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
 * SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.5
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

// The SPI channel
volatile SpiChannel spiChn = SPI_CHANNEL1 ;   // the SPI channel to use
volatile int spiClkDiv = 6 ;//5.333 MHz pixel rate => 256 points in 48 us

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
int screen_buffer[1600] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 30 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_11_cycles 352 // beginning of the video DMA burst -- use for centering

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;

#include "nedofont.h"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl 3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        time_tick_60_hz++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int i,j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    for (i=0;i<7;i++) {
        screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j]&(~(255<<shf)))|(font8x8[c-32][i]<<shf);
        j += 8;
    }
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    int frame,seconds;
    unsigned long n;
    // global time
    int time ;
    char cu1[]="nedoPC-32-A v1.0";
    char cu2[]="March 2015";
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // at 40 MHz PB clock 63.5 microSec is
    // 2540 ticks
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB5 (pin 14)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB5, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE , us_11_cycles+2, us_11_cycles); //
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 // 
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0 | BIT_1 | BIT_5);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);

    // divide Fpb by spiClkDiv, configure the I/O ports.
    // 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(spiChn, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , spiClkDiv ) ;

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,cu1);
    video_string(21,1,cu2);
   
    frame = seconds = 0;
   while(1)
   {
            n = 0;
            // wait until the next 1/60 second
            while(time == time_tick_60_hz){n++;}
            // use ISR time-tick to update time stamp
            mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling execution time
            time = time_tick_60_hz ;
            if(++frame==60)
            {
                frame = 0;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%u ",++seconds,n);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
            }
            mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1); // for profiling execution time
    }

}


P.S. В пределах одного кадра (60 раз в секунду) цикл while(time == time_tick_60_hz){n++;} выполняется 110936 раз - не густо...


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC-32-A тест while
Photo0142.jpg
Photo0142.jpg [ 68.87 KiB | Viewed 9967 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
29 Mar 2015 09:07
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Вот ещё более оптимизированная программка (подсчёт секунд выведен в прерывание и развёрнут цикл печати символа) - в пределах кадра (1/60 секунды) успевает вывестись 2670 случайных символов в верхние 16 строк (а всего одновременно на экран влезают 32*25=800 символов):
 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * SCK1 is pin 25
 * SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
 * SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.5
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

// The SPI channel
volatile SpiChannel spiChn = SPI_CHANNEL1 ;   // the SPI channel to use
volatile int spiClkDiv = 6 ;//5.333 MHz pixel rate => 256 points in 48 us

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
int screen_buffer[1600] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 30 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_11_cycles 352 // beginning of the video DMA burst -- use for centering

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;
// ISR driven seconds counter
volatile int time_seconds = 0;

#include "nedofont.h"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl 3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        if((++time_tick_60_hz%60)==0) time_seconds++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    int msk = ~(255<<shf);
    unsigned char *ptr = font8x8[c-32];
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*ptr<<shf);
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    unsigned long n, stored;
    // global time
    int time, seconds, k, c;
    char cu1[]="nedoPC-32-A v1.0";
    char cu2[]="March 2015";
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // at 40 MHz PB clock 63.5 microSec is
    // 2540 ticks
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB5 (pin 14)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB5, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE , us_11_cycles+2, us_11_cycles); //
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 // 
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0 | BIT_1 | BIT_5);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);

    // divide Fpb by spiClkDiv, configure the I/O ports.
    // 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(spiChn, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , spiClkDiv ) ;

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,cu1);
    video_string(21,1,cu2);

    seconds = stored = n = 0;
    c = 32;
    srand(11111);
   while(1)
   {       
            n++;
            k = rand();
            video_putchar(k&31,(k>>5)&15,++c);
            if(c==255) c=31;
            // wait until the next 1/60 second
            if(time != time_tick_60_hz)
            {
                time = time_tick_60_hz ;
                stored = n;
                n = 0;               
            }
            if(seconds != time_seconds)
            {
                seconds = time_seconds;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%u ",seconds,stored);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
            }
    }

}


Attachments:
File comment: nedoCPU-32-A putchar test
Photo0143.jpg
Photo0143.jpg [ 71.83 KiB | Viewed 9965 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
29 Mar 2015 10:08
Profile WWW
Banned
User avatar

Joined: 04 Jan 2013 10:09
Posts: 397
Location: 95.24.178.158
Reply with quote
Shaos wrote:
Stan wrote:
Если точечная графика, то какой размер растра?

По вышеприведённому линку всё написано: http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope

Точечная графика 256x200

Или мы по ангельски не разумеем?...

Трудно мне сказать, разумеете вы "по ангельски" или нет, но короткого ответа по-русски: "Точечная графика 256x200" мне вполне достаточно. :idea:
На прочие "мовы", можете не трудиться переводить. :dj:


29 Mar 2015 10:13
Profile
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
А вот рисование случайных линий - порядка 100 линий за кадр получается (а если закомментить линии и раскомментить пикселы, то будет около 7000 случайных пикселов за кадр):

 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * SCK1 is pin 25
 * SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
 * SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.5
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

// The SPI channel
volatile SpiChannel spiChn = SPI_CHANNEL1 ;   // the SPI channel to use
volatile int spiClkDiv = 6 ;//5.333 MHz pixel rate => 256 points in 48 us

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
int screen_buffer[1600] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 30 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_11_cycles 352 // beginning of the video DMA burst -- use for centering

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;
// ISR driven seconds counter
volatile int time_seconds = 0;

#include "nedofont.h"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl 3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        if((++time_tick_60_hz%60)==0) time_seconds++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    int msk = ~(255<<shf);
    unsigned char *ptr = font8x8[c-32];
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*ptr<<shf);
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    unsigned long n, stored;
    // global time
    int time, seconds, x, y, k, c;
    char cu1[]="nedoPC-32-A v1.0";
    char cu2[]="March 2015";
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // at 40 MHz PB clock 63.5 microSec is
    // 2540 ticks
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB5 (pin 14)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB5, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE , us_11_cycles+2, us_11_cycles); //
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 // 
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0 | BIT_1 | BIT_5);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);

    // divide Fpb by spiClkDiv, configure the I/O ports.
    // 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(spiChn, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , spiClkDiv ) ;

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,cu1);
    video_string(21,1,cu2);

    seconds = stored = n = x = y = 0;
    c = 32;
    srand(11111);
   while(1)
   {       
            n++;
            k = rand();
#if 0
            // random characters
            video_putchar(k&31,2+((k>>5)&15),++c);
            if(c==255) c=31;
#else
            // random lines
            c = k&255; k=16+((k>>8)%168);
            video_line(x,y,c,k,2);
            x = c; y = k;
            // random pixels
//            video_pt(k&255,16+((k>>8)%168),2);
#endif
            if(time != time_tick_60_hz)
            {
                time = time_tick_60_hz ;
                stored = n;
                n = 0;               
            }
            if(seconds != time_seconds)
            {
                seconds = time_seconds;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%u ",seconds,stored);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
            }
    }

}


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC-32-A random pixels test
Photo0145.jpg
Photo0145.jpg [ 66.15 KiB | Viewed 9964 times ]
File comment: nedoPC-32-A random lines test
Photo0144.jpg
Photo0144.jpg [ 64.63 KiB | Viewed 9964 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
29 Mar 2015 11:16
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Ну и наконец показывание вкомпилированных в код XBM-картинок :)

P.S. Это моя старшая дочка в Magic Kingdom (Disney World)

P.P.S. 19575 - это количество вызовов rand(), умещающихся в один кадр (1/60 секунды)

 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * SCK1 is pin 25
 * SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
 * SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.5
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

// The SPI channel
volatile SpiChannel spiChn = SPI_CHANNEL1 ;   // the SPI channel to use
volatile int spiClkDiv = 6 ;//5.333 MHz pixel rate => 256 points in 48 us

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
#define SCREENSZ 1600
int screen_buffer[SCREENSZ] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 30 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_11_cycles 352 // beginning of the video DMA burst -- use for centering

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;
// ISR driven seconds counter
volatile int time_seconds = 0;

#include "nedofont.h"

#include "katya_bw.xbm"
#include "dolphin.xbm"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl 3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        if((++time_tick_60_hz%60)==0) time_seconds++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    int msk = ~(255<<shf);
    unsigned char *ptr = font8x8[c-32];
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*ptr<<shf);
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    int* iptr;
    unsigned long i,j,n,m,stored;
    // global time
    int time, seconds, x, y, k, c;
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // at 40 MHz PB clock 63.5 microSec is
    // 2540 ticks
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB5 (pin 14)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB5, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE , us_11_cycles+2, us_11_cycles); //
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 // 
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0 | BIT_1 | BIT_5);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);

    // divide Fpb by spiClkDiv, configure the I/O ports.
    // 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(spiChn, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , spiClkDiv ) ;

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    iptr = (int*)katya_bw_bits;
//    iptr = (int*)dolphin_bits;
    for(i=0;i<SCREENSZ;i++)
    {
        k = iptr[i];
        c = 0;
        n = 1;
        m = 0x80000000;
        for(j=0;j<32;j++)
        {
          if(!(k&n)) c|=m;
          n <<= 1;
          m >>= 1;
        }
        screen_buffer[i] = c;
    }
   
    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,"nedoPC-32-A v1.0 (March 2015) ");

    seconds = stored = n = x = y = 0;
    c = 32;
    srand(11111);
   while(1)
   {       
            n++;
            k = rand();
#if 0
            // random characters
            video_putchar(k&31,2+((k>>5)&15),++c);
            if(c==255) c=31;
#endif
#if 0
            // random lines
            c = k&255; k=16+((k>>8)%168);
            video_line(x,y,c,k,2);
            x = c; y = k;
#endif
#if 0
            // random pixels
            video_pt(k&255,16+((k>>8)%168),2);
#endif
            if(time != time_tick_60_hz)
            {
                time = time_tick_60_hz ;
                stored = n;
                n = 0;               
            }
            if(seconds != time_seconds)
            {
                seconds = time_seconds;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%u ",seconds,stored);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
            }
    }

}


Attachments:
File comment: nedoPC-32-A XBM-image test
Photo0146.jpg
Photo0146.jpg [ 96.78 KiB | Viewed 9960 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
29 Mar 2015 16:09
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Ещё фоточка, выведенная через PIC32 (если в исходнике раскомментить dolphin_bits):


Attachments:
File comment: nedoCPU-32 XBM-image test 2
Photo0147.jpg
Photo0147.jpg [ 125.76 KiB | Viewed 9959 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
29 Mar 2015 17:54
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Если верить автору, то такой способ работы с графикой отнимает только 8% процессорного времени, а это значит, что при наличии языка Си, 64МГц 32-битного проца, 256Кб флеша и 64Кб ОЗУ, можно много прикольных штук понаделать, не смотря на ограничения графики - ну что, делаем чёрно-белую игровую приставку? :idea:

P.S. Кстати я тут прикинул, что несложно будет цвет снаружи добавить как опциональную первую палитру CGA с её олдскульными 4 цветами (black, cyan, magenta, white), правда разрешение тогда станет не 256x200, а 128x200...

P.P.S. Хотя судя по всему код в лёгкую перенастраивается на более длинные строки, однако при этом проц будет жраться интенсивнее...

P.P.P.S. Ради эксперимента перенастроил на 640 пикселов в строке (и соответственно на более частую работу DMA) - ухудшений в производительности главного цикла не заметил...

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos


29 Mar 2015 21:27
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Можно примерно подсчитать стоимость минимального игрового компьютера на PIC32, если бы пользователь собирал его сам на бредборде (по ценам DigiKey):

IC1: PIC32MX170F256B-I/SP - $4.49
LED1: красный светодиод 5 мм - $0.15
C1,C2: ненужны, если питаемся от батареек
C3,C4,C6: 0.1uF (ceramic) - 3*$0.24 = $0.72
C5: 10uF (ceramic) - $0.49
C7: ненужен, если питаемся от батареек
C8,C9: ненужны
R1: 10 Ohm - $0.10
R2: 10 kOhm - $0.10
R3,R4: 470 Ohm - 2*$0.10 = $0.20
X5: хедер для PICkit3 - примерно $0.20
S1-S7: кнопка ресета и игровые кнопки - 7*$0.12 = $0.72
Резисторы для кнопок - 6*$0.10 = $0.60
RCA разъёмы (звук и видео) - 2*$1 = $2 (примерно)
Резисторы для звука и видео - 5*$0.10 = $0.50
Держатель для двух пальчиковых батареек - $1 (плюс-минус)
Две пальчиковые батарейки - 2*$1 = $2 (примерно)

Всего $13.27 плюс бредборда и проводочки (ну скажем ещё $5) - по моему очень неплохо...

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos


30 Mar 2015 16:37
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
Shaos wrote:
P.S. Кстати я тут прикинул, что несложно будет цвет снаружи добавить как опциональную первую палитру CGA с её олдскульными 4 цветами (black, cyan, magenta, white), правда разрешение тогда станет не 256x200, а 128x200...

Суть в том, что пикселы выдаются наружу через SPI, у которого есть клок на отдельной ноге (проверил осциллографом, что действительно есть, причём только когда выводятся пикселы изображения), т.е. мы можем сохранять чётный пиксел, чтобы потом с нечётным сформировать 2-битный цвет с 2 раза меньшим горизонтальным разрешением, например на палке-галке...

P.S. Переставил синхру с PortB.5 на PortB.1, освободив тем самым 8 контактов подряд для кнопок - от PortB.4 до PortB.11

P.P.S. А на PortB.2 и PortB.3 можно выдавать 2-битный звук с частотой дискретизации 15734.2 Гц (частота строчной развёртки NTSC)...

 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.1
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
#define SCREENSZ 1600
int screen_buffer[SCREENSZ] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;
// ISR driven seconds counter
volatile int time_seconds = 0;

#include "nedofont.h"

#include "katya_bw.xbm"
#include "dolphin.xbm"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl 3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        if((++time_tick_60_hz%60)==0) time_seconds++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    int msk = ~(255<<shf);
    unsigned char *ptr = font8x8[c-32];
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*ptr<<shf);
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    int* iptr;
    unsigned long i,j,n,m,stored;
    // global time
    int time, seconds, x, y, k, c;
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // at 40 MHz PB clock 63.5 microSec is
    // 2540 ticks
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB1 (pin 5)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB1, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, 354, 352); // 354,352
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 //
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17)
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0|BIT_2|BIT_3);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);
    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_2);
    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_3);

    // divide Fpb by N, configure the I/O ports. 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(SPI_CHANNEL1, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , 6); // N=6

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    iptr = (int*)katya_bw_bits;
//    iptr = (int*)dolphin_bits;
    for(i=0;i<SCREENSZ;i++)
    {
        k = iptr[i];
        c = 0;
        n = 1;
        m = 0x80000000;
        for(j=0;j<32;j++)
        {
          if(!(k&n)) c|=m;
          n <<= 1;
          m >>= 1;
        }
        screen_buffer[i] = c;
    }
   
    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,"nedoPC-32-A v1.0 (March 2015) ");

    seconds = stored = n = x = y = 0;
    c = 32;
    srand(11111);
    while(1)
    {       
            n++;
#if 0
            // random characters
            k = rand();
            video_putchar(k&31,2+((k>>5)&15),++c);
            if(c==255) c=31;
#endif
#if 0
            // random lines
            k = rand();
            c = k&255; k=16+((k>>8)%168);
            video_line(x,y,c,k,2);
            x = c; y = k;
#endif
#if 0
            // random pixels
            k = rand();
            video_pt(k&255,16+((k>>8)%168),2);
#endif
            if(time != time_tick_60_hz)
            {
                time = time_tick_60_hz ;
                stored = n;
                n = 0;               
            }
            if(seconds != time_seconds)
            {
                seconds = time_seconds;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%4.4X ",seconds,PORTB);//stored);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
               
                if(seconds&1)
                    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_2);
                else
                    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_2);

                if(seconds&2)
                    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_3);
                else
                    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_3);
            }
    }

}

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos


30 Mar 2015 20:15
Profile WWW
Admin
User avatar

Joined: 08 Jan 2003 23:22
Posts: 22409
Location: Silicon Valley
Reply with quote
С другой стороны зачем 2-битный звук, если можно сделать ШИМ на блоке Compare, которых ещё осталось?...

P.S. Подцепил 2 Compare - один будет ШИМ на звук, а второй - на подсветку отдельных строк ;)

 исходник тут
Code:
/*********************************************************************
 *
 * Based on "NTSC TV interface" examples from
 * http://hackaday.io/project/2032-pic32-oscilloscope
 * Bruce Land Cornell University
 * June 2014
 * This code uses many cool ideas from
 * Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C: Exploring the PIC32
 * by Lucio Di Jasio
 *
 * Uses two Compare units from one timer to do sync and video timing
 *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 *
 * VIDEO is PortA.1
 * SYNC  is PortB.1
 *
 */

#include <plib.h>
#include <xc.h> // need for pps
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Recalculated to 64 MHz to fit into NTSC screen
//                       8MHZ                          4MHz               64MHz            32   <-----<---    64MHz
#pragma config FNOSC = FRCPLL, POSCMOD = OFF, FPLLIDIV = DIV_2, FPLLMUL = MUL_16, FPBDIV = DIV_2, FPLLODIV = DIV_1
#pragma config FWDTEN = OFF
#pragma config FSOSCEN = OFF, JTAGEN = OFF
// core frequency we're running at // peripherals at 40 MHz
#define   SYS_FREQ 64000000

#define DX 256
#define DY 200

// main screen buffer array 256 wide x 200 high = 51200 pixels
// 51200/32 = 1600 integer words
#define SCREENSZ 1600
int screen_buffer[SCREENSZ] ;
volatile int *screen_buffer_addr = screen_buffer ;
volatile int *screen_ptr ;

// The DMA channels
#define DMAchn1 1
#define DMApri0 0

// video timing
#define line_cycles 2032 // 63.5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1
#define line_offset  352 // offset to start video screen
#define us_5_cycles  160 // 5 uSec at 32 MHz Fpb, prescaler=1

// video active lines -- 200 total
#define image_start 20
#define image_end (image_start+DY)
#define top 0
#define left 0
#define right (DX-1)
#define bottom (DY-1)

// Current line number which is modified
// by a state machine in the timer2 ISR
volatile int LineCount = 0 ;
// ISR driven 1/60 second time
volatile int time_tick_60_hz = 0 ;
// ISR driven seconds counter
volatile int time_seconds = 0;

#include "nedofont.h"

#include "katya_bw.xbm"
#include "dolphin.xbm"

// == OC3 ISR ============================================
// VECTOR 14 is OC3 vector -- set up of ipl3 in main
// vector names from int_1xx_2xx.h
void __ISR(14, ipl3) OC3Handler(void) // 14
{
   // mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1);
    // Convert DMA to SPI control
    DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(_SPI1_TX_IRQ)); //
    //DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
    // clear the timer interrupt flag -- name from
    // http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/PIC32/Microchip_stuff/32-bit-Peripheral-Library-Guide.pdf
    // Table 8.2
    mOC3ClearIntFlag();
   // mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

volatile short sound[]={
750,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454,1399,1324,1232,1125,
1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,100,45,11,0,11,45,100,175,
267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454,
1399,1324,1232,1125,1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,100,45,11,0,
11,45,100,175,267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,
1488,1499,1488,1454,1399,1324,1232,1125,1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,
100,45,11,0,11,45,100,175,267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,
1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454,1399,1324,1232,1125,1006,880,750,619,
493,375,267,175,100,45,11,0,11,45,100,175,267,374,493,619,
749,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454,1399,1324,1232,1125,
1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,100,45,11,0,11,45,100,175,
267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454,
1399,1324,1232,1125,1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,100,45,11,0,
11,45,100,175,267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,1232,1324,1399,1454,
1488,1499,1488,1454,1399,1324,1232,1125,1006,880,750,619,493,375,267,175,
100,45,11,0,11,45,100,175,267,374,493,619,749,880,1006,1124,
1232,1324,1399,1454,1488,1499,1488,1454
};


// == Timer 2 ISR =========================================
void __ISR(_TIMER_2_VECTOR, ipl2) Timer2Handler(void)
{
    //mPORTBSetBits(BIT_1); // for profiling the ISR execution time
    // update the current scanline number
    LineCount++ ;

    OpenOC5(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_offset+18+sound[LineCount], line_offset+12);
   
    // start the DMA byte blaster to the screen
    if (LineCount >= image_start && LineCount < image_end){
        // set the Chan1 DMA transfer parameters: source & destination address,
        // source & destination size, number of bytes per event
        // 32 bytes / line with 4 bytes per transfer (SPI in 32 bit mode)
        //screen_ptr = screen_buffer + ((LineCount - image_start)<<5) ;
        DmaChnSetTxfer(DMAchn1, (void*)screen_ptr, (void*)&SPI1BUF, 32, 4, 4); //32
        // IRO 17 is the output compare 3 interrupt (See datasheet table 7.1)
        DmaChnSetEventControl(DMAchn1, DMA_EV_START_IRQ(17)); //
        // turn it on for 32 bytes
        DmaChnEnable(DMAchn1);
        // increment the image memory pointer for the next ISR pass
        screen_ptr += 8; // 8 32-bit words per line
    }
    // update the frame time_tick immediately after image is copied
    else if(LineCount==image_end)
    {
        // a general propose time base
        if((++time_tick_60_hz%60)==0) time_seconds++;       
    }
    // == SYNC state machine ====
    // begin long (Vertical) synch after line 247
    else if (LineCount==248) {OC2R = line_cycles - us_5_cycles ;}
    // back to regular sync after line 250
    // the first condition eliminates sync for one line (to avoid duplicate)
    else if (LineCount==250) {OC2R = 0 ;}
    else if (LineCount==251) {OC2R = us_5_cycles ;}
    // start new frame after line 262 and reset the image memory pointer
    else if (LineCount==263) {
        LineCount = 1;
        // reset for the next frame
        screen_ptr = screen_buffer_addr;
    }
   
    // clear the timer interrupt flag
    mT2ClearIntFlag();
    //mPORTBClearBits(BIT_1);  // for profiling the ISR execution time
}

//== plot a point =========================================================
//plot one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(int x, int y, char c) {
   //each line has 18 bytes
   //calculate i based upon this and x,y
   // the word with the pixel in it
   //int i = (x/32) + y*8
   if (c==1)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] |= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
    else if (c==0)
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] &= ~(1<<(31-(x & 0x1f)));
    else // c==2
     screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] ^= 1<<(31-(x & 0x1f));
}

//==================================
//plot a line
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char c) {
   int e;
   signed int dx,dy,j, temp;
   signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed int x,y;

   x = x1;
   y = y1;

   //take absolute value
   if (x2 < x1) {
      dx = x1 - x2;
      s1 = -1;
   }

   else if (x2 == x1) {
      dx = 0;
      s1 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dx = x2 - x1;
      s1 = 1;
   }

   if (y2 < y1) {
      dy = y1 - y2;
      s2 = -1;
   }

   else if (y2 == y1) {
      dy = 0;
      s2 = 0;
   }

   else {
      dy = y2 - y1;
      s2 = 1;
   }

   xchange = 0;

   if (dy>dx) {
      temp = dx;
      dx = dy;
      dy = temp;
      xchange = 1;
   }

   e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;

   for (j=0; j<=dx; j++) {
      video_pt(x,y,c);

      if (e>=0) {
         if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
         else y = y + s2;
         e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
      }

      if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
      else x = x + s1;

      e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
   }
}

//==================================
//return the value of one point
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black
char video_state(int x, int y) {
    //The following construction detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
    return (screen_buffer[(x >> 5) + (y << 3)] & (1<<(31-(x & 0x1f))))?1:0 ;
}

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(int x, int y, int c) {
    int j = (x>>2)+(y<<6);
    int shf = (3-(x&3))<<3;
    int msk = ~(255<<shf);
    unsigned char *ptr = font8x8[c-32];
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*(ptr++)<<shf);j+=8;
    screen_buffer[j]=(screen_buffer[j] & msk)|(*ptr<<shf);
}

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_string(int x, int y, char *str) {
   char i;
   for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++) {
      video_putchar(x++,y,str[i]);
   }
}

// ========================================================================
int   main(void)
{
    int* iptr;
    unsigned long i,j,n,m,stored;
    // global time
    int time, seconds, x, y, k, c;
    char time_string[10] ;

   // Configure the device for maximum performance but do not change the PBDIV
   // Given the options, this function will change the flash wait states, RAM
   // wait state and enable prefetch cache but will not change the PBDIV.
   // The PBDIV value is already set via the pragma FPBDIV option above..
   SYSTEMConfig(SYS_FREQ, SYS_CFG_WAIT_STATES | SYS_CFG_PCACHE);

    //make sure analog is cleared
    //ANSELA =0;
    //ANSELB =0;

    // timer interrupt //////////////////////////
    // Set up timer2 on,  interrupts, internal clock, prescalar 1, toggle rate
    // 63.5 microSec
    OpenTimer2(T2_ON | T2_SOURCE_INT | T2_PS_1_1, line_cycles);
    // set up the timer interrupt with a priority of 2
    ConfigIntTimer2(T2_INT_ON | T2_INT_PRIOR_2);
    mT2ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // Compare match setup //////////////////////
    //Set up compare match unit to produce sync pulses
    // 5 uSec low
    // or 63.5-5 = 58.5 microSec (2340 ticks) low
    // pulse duration will be controlled in Timer2 ISR
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    OpenOC2(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_cycles-1, us_5_cycles);
    // OC2 is PPS group 2, map to RPB1 (pin 5)
    PPSOutput(2, RPB1, OC2);

    // OC3 setup /////////////////////////////////
    // Compare unit for video timing,
    // using the interrupt flag to trigger the first DMA,
    // then use the ISR to change the DMA control to SPI
    // #define OpenOC2( config, value1, value2) ( OC2RS = (value1), OC2R = (value2), OC2CON = (config) )
    // Pulse needs to be TWO cycles long
    OpenOC3(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_offset+2, line_offset);
    // turn on ISR so that DMA can covert to SPI control
    ConfigIntOC3(OC_INT_PRIOR_1 | OC_INT_ON); //3 //
    mOC3ClearIntFlag(); // and clear the interrupt flag

    // OC4 setup /////////////////////////////////
//    OpenOC4(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_offset+2, line_offset);
    // OC4 is PPS group 3, map to RPA4 (pin 12)
    PPSOutput(3, RPA4, OC4);

    // OC5 setup /////////////////////////////////
//    OpenOC5(OC_ON | OC_TIMER2_SRC | OC_CONTINUE_PULSE, line_offset+2, line_offset);
    // OC5 is PPS group 3, map to RPA2 (pin 9)
    PPSOutput(3, RPA2, OC5);
   
    // SPI configure /////////////////////////////
    // SCK1 is pin 25 RB14
    // SDO1 is PPS group 2, map to RPA1 (pin 3)
    // SDI1 is PPS group 2, map to RPB8 (pin 17) ???
    // SS1 input is PPS group 1, map to RPB7 (pin 16) for framing
    // specify PPS group, signal, logical pin name
    PPSInput (1, SS1, RPB7);
    PPSOutput(2, RPA1, SDO1);
    // control sync for DAC
    mPORTBSetPinsDigitalOut(BIT_0|BIT_2|BIT_3);
    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_0);
    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_2);
    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_3);

    // divide Fpb by N, configure the I/O ports. 32 bit transfer
    SpiChnOpen(SPI_CHANNEL1, SPI_OPEN_ON | SPI_OPEN_MODE32 | SPI_OPEN_MSTEN , 6); // N=6

    //=== DMA Channel 1 ================================
    // Open DMA Chan1 and chain from channel zero
    DmaChnOpen(DMAchn1, DMApri0, DMA_OPEN_DEFAULT);

    // setup system wide interrupts  ///
    INTEnableSystemMultiVectoredInt();

    iptr = (int*)katya_bw_bits;
//    iptr = (int*)dolphin_bits;
    for(i=0;i<SCREENSZ;i++)
    {
        k = iptr[i];
        c = 0;
        n = 1;
        m = 0x80000000;
        for(j=0;j<32;j++)
        {
          if(!(k&n)) c|=m;
          n <<= 1;
          m >>= 1;
        }
        screen_buffer[i] = c;
    }
   
    // Draw the screen boundaries
    video_line(left,top, right,top, 1); // top
    video_line(right,top, right,bottom, 1); // right
    video_line(right,bottom, left,bottom, 1); // bottom
    video_line(left,top, left,bottom ,1); // left

    // Draw a title
    video_string(1,1,"nedoPC-32-A v1.0 (March 2015) ");

    seconds = stored = n = x = y = 0;
    c = 32;
    srand(11111);
    while(1)
    {       
            n++;
#if 0
            // random characters
            k = rand();
            video_putchar(k&31,2+((k>>5)&15),++c);
            if(c==255) c=31;
#endif
#if 0
            // random lines
            k = rand();
            c = k&255; k=16+((k>>8)%168);
            video_line(x,y,c,k,2);
            x = c; y = k;
#endif
#if 0
            // random pixels
            k = rand();
            video_pt(k&255,16+((k>>8)%168),2);
#endif
            if(time != time_tick_60_hz)
            {
                time = time_tick_60_hz ;
                stored = n;
                n = 0;               
            }
            if(seconds != time_seconds)
            {
                seconds = time_seconds;
                sprintf(time_string, "%d:%4.4X ",seconds,PORTB);//stored);
                video_string(1, 23, time_string);
               
                if(seconds&1)
                    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_2);
                else
                    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_2);

                if(seconds&2)
                    mPORTBClearBits(BIT_3);
                else
                    mPORTBSetBits(BIT_3);
            }
    }

}


Attachments:
File comment: more compares
Photo0148.jpg
Photo0148.jpg [ 103.12 KiB | Viewed 9910 times ]

_________________
:dj: https://mastodon.social/@Shaos
31 Mar 2015 15:21
Profile WWW
Display posts from previous:  Sort by  
Reply to topic   [ 146 posts ]  Go to page Previous  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ... 10  Next

Who is online

Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 6 guests


You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot post attachments in this forum

Search for:
Jump to:  
Powered by phpBB® Forum Software © phpBB Group
Designed by ST Software.